BONE LOSS
Bone is about 94% Calcium Carbonate (9%) and
Tri-Calcium Phosphate (85%), with Phosphorus and other minerals making up the other 6%.
OSTEOPENIA-
A
decrease in the amount of Calcium (Ca) and Phosphorus (P) in the bone. This can cause bones
to become weak and brittle, and increases the risk for fractures.
OSTEOPOROSIS-
A disease of excessive demineralization
of bone, which on average starts to take place in both sexes after 35. While men are less
affected, the decrease
in the bone density of postmenopausal women is
a much more serious problem, however by age 75, the gap closes where both genders become equally
prone for boss loss.
CAUSES OF OSTEOPOROSIS
1)
A change in Parathyroid activity as a compensatory factor
for decreased Calcium absorption.
2) A decrease in bone building cells (osteoblasts) function.
3) A decrease in exposure to natural sun.
4) A decrease ability to synthesize Vitamin D.
5) Insufficient dietary intake of Vitamin D.
6) Insufficient sex hormones.
7) Sedentary lifestyle like watching television two (2) or more hours per day.
8) Increased Stimulants such as alcohol, caffeine and drugs.
9) Increased Usage of Prescription Drugs such as Cortisone, Glucocorticoids and Progesterone.
10) Diseases such Hyperthyroidism and Kidney Malfunction/Failure.
BONE BUILDING/REMODELING-
A process where the adult skeleton
under goes a continuous turnoverwhereby old
bone is resorbed by osteoclasts and new bone is formed by osteoblasts.
Osteoclasts are cell types that degrade bone and its protein components by releasing
calcium from bone into circulation, where calcium can either remain, or be excreted in urine and feces,
while osteoblasts are cell types that synthesizes new bone.
A number of hormones, including thyroid, parathyroid, sex hormones, Vitamin
D3, and others exert their influence on bone building or remodeling and interact with immune system proteins
such a interleukin-6 (IL-6)
Their production in
turn is inhibited by estrogen and testosterone, so there is evidence that the balance of sex hormones and interleukin-6
affects trabecular bone loss.
BONE DENSITY
TEST-
A test that measures the strength and density of bones often used to determine
the risk of developing osteoporosis.
Bone density test is used to determine the amount of calcium and other
minerals in the bone.
The bone density test measures bone density at
various sites in the body.
It can detect osteoporosis before a fracture occurs,
predict your chances of fractures and determine the rate of bone loss.
The bone density test also can monitor the effects of treatment if the bone density
test is conducted at intervals of a year or more.
The World Health Organization has defined the following categories based on bone density in white women because the
World Health Organization committee did not have enough data to create definitions for men or other ethnic groups.
NORMAL BONE: T-score better than -1.
OSTEOPENIA: T-score between -1
and -2.5
OSTEOPOROSIS:
T-score less than -2.5
Established
(severe) osteoporosis.
PREVENTION AND TREATMENT OF BONE LOSS
1) WEIGHT-BEARING EXERCISES
A) Walking.
B) Climbing Stairs.
C) Running On Grass/Dirt Track.
D) Resistive Exercises.
E) Lifting & Wearing Light Weights.
2) BONE
VIBRATION
A) Vibrating Platform
3) PHOSPHORUS
A) Too much Phosphorus will promote bone loss.
B) Too little
Phosphorus will promote calcification
4) CALCIUM
A) The most abundant mineral in the body essential to life itself.
5)
MAGNESIUM
A) Enhances Calcium absorption and proper deposit.
6) VITAMIN D
A) Aids in the absorption of Calcium from the intestinal tract.
B) Aids in the breakdown and assimilation of Phosphorus.
7) CHRONDRONTIN SULFATE
A) Allows minerals to absorb better into the bone structure.
8)
GLUCOSAMINE SULFATE
A)
Maintains and restores tissue integrity before
and after tissue injury.
9) ALFALFA
A) Extremely high nutritive
value. Natural source of phytoestrogens.
10) VITAMIN
D3
A) Prevents and treats osteoporosis and hypocalcemia.